147 articles - From Friday Nov 17 2023 to Friday Nov 24 2023
Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
|---|
| Gastroenterology |
AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Role of Biomarkers for the Management of Crohn's Disease. In patients with CD, fecal calprotectin and serum CRP can inform disease management in both asymptomatic and symptomatic disease. Discordance between symptom assessment and biomarker value may merit endoscopic evaluation for confirmation of status of disease activity. |
AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Use of Vasoactive Drugs and Intravenous Albumin in Cirrhosis: Expert Review. BEST PRACTICE ADVICE 12: Terlipressin use is contraindicated in patients with hypoxemia and in patients with ongoing coronary, peripheral, or mesenteric ischemia, and should be used with caution in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure grade 3. The benefits may not outweigh the risks in patients with serum creatinine >5 mg/dL and in patients listed for transplantation with a Model for End-stage Liver Disease =35. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Hepatology |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
| Hepatology |
Diagnostic accuracy of AGILE3+ score for advanced fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that Agile3+ accurately diagnoses NAFLD with advanced fibrosis and can identify patients eligible for biopsy and emerging pharmacotherapies. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
The polymorphic variant of SerpinB3 (SerpinB3-PD) is associated with faster cirrhosis decompensation. The polymorphic variant SB3-PD is highly effective in determining activation of TGF-ß1 and inflammation in vitro. Patients with cirrhosis who carry SB3-PD polymorphism may be more prone to develop severe liver disease progression. However, further validation studies are warranted to support the in vivo relevance of this polymorphism. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Characterizing the Impact of Disorders of the Gut-Brain Interaction (DGBI) on Mental and Physical Health Functioning among Spanish-Speaking Latino Adults Living in the U.S. Better understanding mental health and treatment seeking behaviors among Latino individuals may help clinical gastroenterologists engage their Latino patients to a greater extent and thus provide higher quality of care. |
Comprehensive Assessment of Nutrition and Dietary Influences in Hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (CANDI-hEDS) - a cross sectional study. Altered diet is very common in the hEDS/HSD patients we studied and influenced by functional dyspepsia, reflux symptoms and ARFID. Those with ARFID have a four-fold increased risk of requiring nutrition support and therefore, it is paramount that psychological support is offered in parallel with dietary support in the management of DGBI in hEDS/HSD. |
Effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori treatments according to antibiotic resistance. In regions where the antibiotic resistance rate of H. pylori is high, eradication treatment with the three-in-one single-capsule, the quadruple with bismuth and concomitant with tinidazole are the best options in naïve patients. In non-naïve patients, the three-in-one single-capsule and the triple therapy with levofloxacin provided encouraging results. |
Increased Grades of Rectal Intussusception: Role of Decline in Pelvic Floor Integrity and Association with Dyssynergic Defecation. Our data suggests that decline in pelvic floor integrity with abnormal levator ani laxity is associated with increased RI grades; a process that is independent of age, history of vaginal deliveries and/or pelvic surgeries, and perhaps related to dyssynergic defecation. |
Patients with Esophageal Adenocarcinoma with prior GERD symptoms are similar to those without GERD: A Cross-sectional Study. Esophageal adenocarcinoma patients with and without prior GERD symptoms are phenotypically similar, suggesting that BE screening efforts to prevent or detect early EAC should not be restricted to just those with GERD. |
RACIAL DISPARITY IN ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA TREATMENT AND SURVIVAL IN THE UNITED STATES. Black individuals with ESCC have a lower survival than White individuals. This could be related to presenting at a later stage, but also disparities in which treatments they receive even among individuals with the same stage of disease. To what extent these disparities in receipt of treatment is due to structural racism, social determinants of health, implicit bias, or patient preferences deserves further study. |
Ten-day vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy versus standard fourteen-day Bismuth-based quadruple therapy for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication: a multicenter randomized clinical trial. The 10-day VA-dual therapy provided satisfactory eradication rates of >90% (PP analysis), lower rates of adverse events compared with standard 14-day B-quadruple therapy as first-line H. pylori therapy. Trail registration number ChiCTR2300070100. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Effects of Mirikizumab on Histologic Resolution of Crohn's Disease in a Randomized Controlled Phase 2 Trial. In a post-hoc analysis of phase 2 data, mirikizumab induced and sustained histologic response and remission in CD over 52 weeks. Early combined histologic-endoscopic response was associated with endoscopic remission after 1 year of treatment with mirikizumab (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02891226. |
Prolonged gastrointestinal manifestations after recovery from COVID-19. In this follow-up survey of patients 12-18 months after hospitalization with COVID-19, there was a high prevalence of DGBIs and persistent GI symptoms. Prolonged gastrointestinal manifestations were associated with the severity of GI symptoms during hospitalization and with the degree of psychological trauma related to the illness experience. |
| Endoscopy |
Initiatives to increase colonoscopy capacity - is there an impact on polyp detection? A UK National Endoscopy Database analysis. Strategies to increase colonoscopy capacity may have adverse effects on polyp detection. Routine quality monitoring should be undertaken following such initiatives. Meantime, reasons for this unwarranted variation require investigation. |
| Gastroenterology |
Cholangiocytes modulate CD100 expression in the liver and facilitate pathogenic Th17 differentiation. CD100 exerts its functional impact through cholangiocyte-immune cell crosstalk and underscores an active, proinflammatory role of cholangiocytes that can be relevant to novel treatment approaches. |
RET Signaling Persists in the Adult Intestine and Stimulates Motility by Limiting PYY Release from Enteroendocrine Cells. RET signaling normally limits nutrient-dependent peptide release from L-cells and this activity is necessary for normal intestinal motility in male mice. These effects could contribute to dysmotility in HSCR, which predominantly affects males, and uncovers a mechanism that could be targeted to treat post-prandial GI dysfunction. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
A strategy combining endoscopic hand-suturing with clips for closure of rectal defects after endoscopic submucosal dissection with or without myectomy (with video). EHS-Clips can be used to effectively close the rectal defects after ESD or ESD-ME and prevent DB. Complete suture with a stitch margin of = 5 mm may achieve more reliable sustained closure. |
Comparison of adenoma miss rate and adenoma detection rate between conventional colonoscopy and colonoscopy with second generation distal attachment cuff: a multicenter, randomized, back-to-back trial. Our trial shows that EVC reduces the risk of missing adenomas but does not lead to a significant improved ADR. Remarkably, 25% of adenomas are still missed during conventional colonoscopies, which is not different from miss rates reported 25 years ago; reassuringly, advanced features were only found in 3.7% of these missed lesions. Trail registration number NCT03418948. |
Endoscopist Adenoma Per Colonoscopy Detection Rates and Risk for Post Colonoscopy Colorectal Cancer: Data From New Hampshire Colonoscopy Registry. Cox regression was used to model the hazard of PCCRC on APC, controlling for age, sex, year of index exam, index findings, bowel preparation and having more than 1 surveillance exam. Results In 32,535 patients, a lower hazard for PCCRC (n=178) was observed for higher APCs as compared to APCs 25%. |
Long-Term Prognosis and Risk Factors Associated with Post-ERCP Pneumobilia in Patients with Common Bile Duct Stones. Patients with post-ERCP pneumobilia have increased risk of multiple recurrences of CBDSs and acute cholangitis without stone recurrence. Independent risk factors for pneumobilia include peripapillary diverticulum, a dilated CBD (>1 cm), and EST with moderate and large incisions. A normal-sized CBD appears to serve as a secondary barrier against enterobiliary reflux, necessitating further research for confirmation. |
The 2022 top 10 list of endoscopy topics in medical publishing: an annual review by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Editorial Board. The 10 identified areas collectively represent advances in the following endoscopic spheres: artificial intelligence, endoscopic submucosal dissection, Barrett's esophagus, interventional EUS, endoscopic resection techniques, pancreaticobiliary endoscopy, management of acute pancreatitis, endoscopic environmental sustainability, the NordICC trial, and spiral enteroscopy. Each board member was assigned a consensus topic area around which to summarize relevant important articles, thereby generating this précis of the "top 10" endoscopic advances of 2022. |
Validation of a new optical diagnosis training module to improve dysplasia characterization in inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter international study. The OPTIC-IBD training module demonstrated that an online platform could improve participants' accuracy and confidence in the optical diagnosis of dysplasia in patients with IBD. The training platform can be widely available and improve endoscopic care for people with IBD. NCT04924543. |
| Gut |
Chimeric antigen receptors of HBV envelope proteins inhibit hepatitis B surface antigen secretion. CARs possess direct antiviral activity, besides the well-known application in T-cell therapy. Fc attached G12-scFv and G12-CARs could provide a novel approach for reducing circulating HBsAg. |
Understanding the malignant potential of gastric metaplasia of the oesophagus and its relevance to Barrett's oesophagus surveillance: individual-level data analysis. SS-GM is a distinct entity from SS-IM and the malignant potential of GM is lower than IM. It is questionable whether SS-GM warrants inclusion in BO surveillance. |
| Hepatology |
A multicellular liver organoid model for investigating hepatitis C virus infection and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression. Taken together, we introduced a multicellular LO model consisting of hepatocytes, Kupffer-like cells, and HSCs, which recapitulated host-virus intercommunication and inter-cellular interactions. With this novel model, we present a physiologically relevant system for the investigation of NAFLD progression in HCV patients. |
Benefit and harm of waiting time in liver transplantation for HCC. Enhancing our understanding of HCC tumor biology through the analysis of subtypes and molecular genetics holds significant promise in advancing the personalized approach for patients. In this review, the effect of waiting time duration on outcome in patients with HCC enlisted for LT is discussed. |
Evaluation of terlipressin-related patient outcomes in hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury using point-of-care echocardiography. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy and reduction in cardiac index, reliably predict terlipressin non-response. CCM is independently associated with poor survival in HRS-AKI. |
Genetic landscape of pediatric acute liver failure of indeterminate origin. This study elucidates a large contribution of genetic causes in PALF of indeterminate origin with an increasing spectrum of disease entities. The high proportion of diagnosed cases and potential treatment implications argue for exome or in future rapid genome sequencing in PALF diagnostics. |
Immunogenomics of cholangiocarcinoma. Functionally uncoupling the tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressing roles of immune profiles will be critical for identifying new immunomodulatory treatment strategies and associated biomarkers for patient stratification. This review will discuss the immunogenomics of cholangiocarcinoma, including the impact of genomic alterations on immune functionality, subversion of the cancer-immunity cycle, as well as clinical implications for existing and novel treatment strategies. |
Nuclear acly protects liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Our results indicate that Acly regulates histone modification via nuclear AcCoA production in hepatic IR. Disruption of Acly nuclear translocation increases the vulnerability of steatotic liver to IR. Nuclear Acly thus may serve as a potential therapeutic target for future interventions in hepatic IR injury, particularly in the context of steatosis. |
Prevalence and characteristics of Hepatitis delta virus infection in patients with hepatitis b in the united states: An analysis of the All-Payer Claims Database. In a large database capturing approximately 80% of the US insured population, HBV/HDV infection prevalence was 4.6% among HBV-infected adults. HDV-infected patients had high rates of baseline liver complications and other comorbidities at time of diagnosis, suggesting potentially delayed diagnosis and/or treatment. Earlier identification of HBV/HDV infection among the HBV population may provide opportunities to improve linkage to care and treatment, thereby reducing the risk of liver-related morbidity and mortality. |
Single-cell dissection of the multicellular ecosystem and molecular features underlying microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. This study provides a comprehensive single-cell atlas of MVI in HCC, shedding light on the complex multicellular ecosystem and molecular features associated with MVI. These findings deepen our understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving MVI and provide valuable insights for improving clinical diagnosis and developing more effective treatment strategies. |
| J Hepatol |
Adipose tissue macrophage dysfunction is associated with a breach of vascular integrity in NASH. NAFLD-related macrophage dysfunction coincide with a loss of adipose tissue vascular integrity providing a strong plausible mechanism by which tissue inflammation is perpetuated in adipose tissue and downstream in the liver. Impact and implications Our study describe for the first time the myeloid cell landscape in human visceral adipose tissue at single cell level within a cohort of well-characterised NAFLD patients. We report unique NASH-specific transcriptional changes within metabolically active macrophages (MMacs) and resident vasculature-associated macrophages (ResVAM) and we demonstrate their spatial location surrounding the vasculature. These dysfunctional transcriptional macrophage states, coincided with the loss of adipose tissue vascular integrity, providing a strong plausible mechanism by which tissue inflammation is perpetuated in adipose tissue and downstream in the liver. Our study provide a theoretical basis for new therapeutic strategies to be directed towards reinstating ResVAM and MMac endogenous metabolic and homeostatic and cytoprotective mechanisms including their function to protect the vascular integrity and barrier. |
Association between public health policies on alcohol and worldwide cancer, liver disease and cardiovascular disease outcomes. The API is a valuable instrument to quantify the robustness of alcohol-related PHP establishment. Those countries with a higher API were associated with lower AUD prevalence, ALD mortality, neoplasms, alcohol-attributable HCC, and cardiovascular diseases. Our results encourage the development and strengthening of alcohol-related policies worldwide. |
Characteristics and outcomes of immunotherapy-related liver injury in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma versus other advanced solid tumours. Despite higher incidence and earlier onset in patients with HCC, IrLI is characterised by high rates of remission, low requirement for corticosteroid therapy and low risk of decompensation compared to other solid tumours. Hepatotoxicity leads to discontinuation in 7% of patients with HCC and does not negatively affect oncological outcomes. Impact and implications Immune-related liver injury (irLI) is common in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), but whether irLI is more frequent or it is associated with a worse clinical course in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), compared to other tumours, is not known. Herein, we compared characteristics and outcomes of irLI in two prospective cohorts including patients treated with ICIs for HCC or for other oncological indications. irLI is significantly more common and it occurs earlier in patients with HCC, also after adjustment for duration of treatment exposure. However, outcomes of patients with HCC who developed irLI are not negatively affected in terms of requirement of corticosteroid therapy, hepatic decompensation, treatment discontinuation and overall survival. |
Convergent MAPK pathway alterations mediate acquired resistance to FGFR inhibitors in FGFR2 fusion-positive cholangiocarcinoma. These findings suggest convergent genomic evolution in the MAPK pathway may be a potential mechanism of acquired resistance to FGFRi. Impact and implications We evaluated tumors and plasma from patients who previously received inhibitors of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR), an important receptor that plays a role in cancer cell growth, especially in tumors with abnormalities in this gene such as FGFR fusions, where the FGFR gene is fused to another gene, leading to activation of cancer cell growth. We found that patients treated with FGFR inhibitors may develop mutations in other genes such as KRAS, and this can confer resistance to FGFR inhibitors. Clinical trial number NCT02052778. |
Global survey of stigma among physicians and patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Perception of NAFLD stigma varies among patients, providers, geographic locations and sub-specialties. - Despite the increasing burden of NAFLD and the fact that over 38% of the world's adult population have NAFLD, disease awareness remains low. One potential issue that may affect awareness is the stigma associated with the terms, "non-alcoholic" and "fatty". In this global study, we found that the terms patients and physicians thought to cause stigma were different. These differences may negatively affect provider-patient communication hindering prompt intervention. These results can help inform education about this liver disease especially as the new nomenclature of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is being implemented. Impact and implications Over the past decades, efforts have been underway to change the nomenclature of NAFLD to better align with its underlying pathogenetic pathways and remove any potential stigma associated with the name. Given the paucity of data related to stigma in NAFLD, we undertook this global comprehensive survey to assess stigma in NAFLD among patients and providers from around the world. We found there is a disconnect between physicians and patients related to stigma and related nomenclature. With this knowledge, educational programs can be developed to better target stigma in NAFLD among al stakeholders and to provide a better opportunity for the new nomenclature to address the issues of stigma. |
Redox-Sensitive High-Mobility Group Box-1 Isoforms Contribute To Liver Fibrosis Progression And Resolution In Mice. Methods & results Using electrospray ionization-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (ESI-LC-MS), we identified that disulfide ([O]) and sulfonated ([SO ] HMGB1 could point at 'resolution under way'. The latter could be used as a readout for response to pharmacological intervention with anti-fibrotic agents. |
Single cell-resolved study of advanced murine MASH reveals a homeostatic pericyte signaling module. In our current single cell-resolved study of advanced murine MASH we identified a quiescence-associated hepatic stellate cell-signaling module with potential to preserve normal sinusoid function. As expression levels of its constituents are conserved in the human liver, the signaling module may be amenable to therapeutic stimulation for restoration of sinusoid function in chronic liver disease. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| J Hepatol |
Pharmacologic inhibition of lipogenesis for the treatment of NAFLD. The safety profiles of these compounds have so far remained encouraging. It is anticipated that inhibitors of DNL, when administered alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, will become important agents in the management of human NAFLD. |
misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
|---|
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |